MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN PENGAWAS MENELAN OBAT (PMO) TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN DALAM MERAWAT PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS
Abstract
Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit infeksi yang masih menjadi permasalahan global. Kasus TB di provinsi Bengkulu sebanyak 17.419 jiwa dan 334 jiwa di Kota Bengkulu. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, maka keluarga perlu diberdayakan sebagai pengawas menelan obat (PMO). Tujuannya adalah terbangunnya model pemberdayaan PMO yang berpengaruh terhadap kemandirian salam merawat pasien TB. Desain penelitian observasi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Oktober 2021 di Puskesmas Nusa Indah, Pasar ikan, Telaga Dewa, Sukamerindu, Sawah lebar, Muara Bangkahulu Kota Bengkulu. Populasi adalah seluruh PMO yang memiliki anggota keluarga dengan TB aktif (0-2 bulan) pengobatan di puskesmas. Sampel berjumlah 28 responden. Tehnik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan langsung dengan responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuisioner. Analisis data menggunakan konstruk hipotesis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dan Model struktural dapat dievaluasi dengan nilai –T dan perkiraan. Penilaian setiap variabel harus >0.70, hal ini membuktikan bahwa variabel signifikan memiliki hubungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model SEM yang dibangun didapatkan pengaruh positif secara tidak langsung karena nilai > 70 berarti. Hal ini terlihat pada nilai : Faktor personal dengan indikator motivasi (95) dan sosial kultural (86) ; Faktor perilaku kognisi dengan indikator self efficasy (91) terhadap kemandirian (93) ; Faktor interpersonal terhadap perilaku kognisi ; Faktor health literacy dengan indikator pemahaman (70), Informasi (73) terhadap perilaku kognisi ; Faktor Dukungan keluarga dengan indikator situasi (91) terhadap kemandirian ; Faktor health literacy dengan indikator kompeten (83) terhadap kemandirian. Model health literacy dan video efektif terhadap kemandirian PMO. Kesimpulannya adalah kemandirian PMO dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh health literacy.
Kata Kunci : kemandirian, pemberdayaan, pengawas menelan obat, tuberkulosis,
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37638/jsk.29.1.26-36
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